Process for producing steel



Passes neg. as, ieaa JOHN T. JONES, or rrtrrs sune i, rniinsyn neiira, rissreivoa LURGICAL COMPANY, or rrrrssunen; 'rnmisrn rhnrri; ej'oonrona'rron or PENNSYLVANIA.

rnocnss For. rnonncrne STEEL.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may 00mm:

Be it known that I, JOHN T; Jones, a cititaen ot the United States, and a resident ottv of Allegheny and Pittsburgh; in the count have invented cer- State of Pennsylvania,

lain new and useful Improvements in Pine-1 esses for Producin Steel, of which the folo u lowing 18 a specification.

My invention relates to improvements inprocesses tor producing steel and it consists in the steps hereinafter set forth.

The invention relates more particularly to a process for producing high grade steel, such as tool steel, armor plate, and other steels which requires. certain degree of.

hardness to render them capable or"; being used for the particular purposes for which they are designed.

In making steel by the Bessemer or the open hearth process, it has heretofore been customary to make use of other metals, such as manganese or silicon in one form or an olhertor the 'purpose'o't taking up excess oxygen and also for the purpose oi burizing. are used i generally that of an alloy and the alloys are relatively expensive. thus adding to the cost oi the finished product.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a process by means or which a cheap dcoxidizing and recarburizing agent may be used to obtain a productof the highest grade portion of tough fibrous material having a hard exterior. 7

Other obiccts and advantages will appear in the following specification and the novel features of the invention will be particu-.

larly pointed out in the appended claims.

In carrying out my process I make use of one of the cheapest forms o1 pig iron, as for instance #6 charcoal pig iron. This pig iron contains from four to siX per cent of v carbon combined .WhiCh the carbon may exist graphitic state.

' illustration only, since having its carbon'in combined form would recarr-niolten pig iron hast-he The form in which these metalsthe excess oxygen Ol'TlTO Application filed July 19, 1918.: Serial No. 245,656.

"with the iron, as distin guished from other forms of pig iron in as in the Ttinay be made by taking ironore, as for instance from the Menominee range, which contains approximately forty ier5 cent of iron and .002 per cent of phosphorus. lVhen charcoal or coke is used to make this pig iron it substantially .0]. per cent of phosphorus. 'llhispig iron melts at atemperature otfrom 1800? F. to 2000 F. The above is given-as any form of iron sufl ic'elfor the purposes'of this invention," although the particular pig iron mentioned i. e. #6 charcoal pig, the purpose.

From 500 to 2000 pounds of the: molten pig-is added to the steel bath which com prises the charge of a Bessemer converteiror an open hearth furnace. depending upon the size oi the converter or iurnaceused. The

oyerblow 7 in the converter, and furthermore, repro- Bessemer carburizes the charge so that-the steel dueed is of the highest grade. thenecessity oi the use of ferromanganese or spicgeleisen. The reduction in the cost of the operation is considerable when it is taken into account that the ferromanganese costs about $300'per ton as a ainst $20 for #6 pig iron. other conditions being equal.

The product formed is an exceedingly to high grade steel, The presence of the pig iron. removes the excess orygen in the metal,

rendering it free from blow holes and other defects.

To arown'nns Marian This obviates iseesei produces a pig having efi'ect oi taking up The use of the pig iron in hardening, also produces high grade products at a relatively low cost. The piece to be hardened is raised tothe sametemperature as the melting point of the pig iron. It is then. immersed in the melted pig iron, 01' that portion which is designed to be hardened is so immersed, for avshort time. This time varies in accordjects to be hardened. thus treated. it is and is immediately available for use.

It is desirable in many instances to proance with the dii'lerent implements or ob-r.

After the object is plunged into cold Water vide devices or objects having hard Wearresisting exteriors and softer interiors. A

car wheel for instance, may be made :Witih a tou central port on and the rim of the wheel may be hardened by 'my, improved process, bysupplorting the wheel on an arbor and turning ittobring the rim into contact with the molten pig iron.

The depth to which the tread of the Wheel is hardened depends upon the depth to which it is im- Inersed in the melted pig iron. may be hardened in the same 'Way or any similar article. V

'In each instance a new pr duct is formed.

In the case of the Bessemer furnace or the from those hardening processes in which the iron or steel is merely chilled. As a matter 'of fact, when fibrous irons, such as wrought iron, are used, -that portion of the article whichis: immersed in the melted pig iron is changed to steel of the highest quality.

*lt'will be seen from thedescription given above that the process of producing a high grade steel may be. economically carried out due to the fact that the deoxidizing and recarburizinma ents Ina be had at a rela-.

7 2D l r i r tively low cost;

1 I claim 1. The process which comprises treating surface of an article made of iron or steel;

A shaft with ainaterial for deoxidizing and carburizing said surface, said material compris- V l ing molten pig iron containing carbon in a ce nbined state.

2. The. I ;roce ss ,\vhich comprises treating a surface of an article madefof ron or steel with white charcoal iron to carburize" said surface. V r

3. The herein described steps in the process of producing high grade steel, which consists in adding to a molten charge of iron or steel a material for deoxidizing and -carburizing, said material comprising a pig iron containing carbon in a combined state.

4- The herein (icscr 1d process of pro ducing a"high grade steel which consists in adding to molten charge of iron or steel, ampig iron containicarbon in a c mbined state, and havmg substantially. .01 per cent of phosphorus the carbon of the pig iron deoxidizing and carburizing the charge. v 5. The herein described steps in the process of producing high consists in adding-to a molten charge of iron or steel, White charcoal pig iron which deoxidizes and carbu izesIthe char] (3. Thelier'ein described process of producing a high grade steel wnichfcons stsin adding 'to a molten charge'of. iron or steel white charcoal pig iron having substantially .01 per cent of" phosphorus, said pig iron having a melting temperature of "from 1800 F. to 2000 F. the carbon of the pig iron deoxidizing and CRIbllIl-Zillg the charge.

7 Joriu 'r'ao vns.

grade steel, which 

